Perancangan Bed Reactor Zeolit Jenis Aliran Turbulen Sebagai Alat Penyerap Polutan Gas Asap Pada Motor Bakar Bensin

Abstract

Natural Zeolite Mineral is a minerals group which is consisting of some oxides there are Al2O3, SiO3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. This zeolite constituent minerals is found in sedimentary rocks, especially minerals originating from alumina and silicate group. The zeolite particles that have been activated can absorb toxic gases such as NO, CO, SO2, H2S, and others. Therefore this zeolite powder can be used as an absorbent material for gas pollutants from the automotive engine emission gas. Natural zeolite as an adsorb material requires a support tool, in this case it is called the bed reactor. This bed reactor is installed at the end of the automotive engine exhaust in such a way, so that emission gas coming out from the automotive engine exhaust is flows into bed reactor and then through the mesh balls and contacts with the zeolite powder particle. The absorbed and the observed smoke gas pollutants is CO, CO2, and HC gases. Absorption of bed reactor against CO, CO2, and HC gases is measured using smoke tester with type SPTC anycar Auto Check Gas & Smoke version 1.5.1.E-1. The surface area of the Zeolite which contacted with fumes gas is a parameter that determines the adsorbent power of this natural zeolite. This surface area of contact is also a function of the basic form of bed reactor. In this case the bed reactor designed is a bed reactor a type of turbulent flow. The bed reactor tool of zeolite functioned as a medium of adsorb process assuming that the construction of bed reactor was formed so that there was a touch of smoke gas with the zeolite particles. The larger of the contact surface between the smoke gas and the zeolite, the greater the the adsorption smoke-gas pollutants. In order for this condition can occur then the bed reactor made in such a way, so that the reactor bed has a pipe-shaped smoke gas route. Inside the pipe is placed with perforated balls, where these holes are covered with mesh wires. Next, theperforated and the wire nets balls are called with a mesh ball. This mesh ball is filled with the zeolite that have been activated. When the fumes gas flows in the pipeline, the fumes gas enters the ball through a hole of mesh balls and the ball is rolled up due to the fume gas push. As a result of these mesh balls, zeolite particles are spinning. Furthermore the round of the zeolite particles itself and the turbulence of the pressure gas flow, so there is a contact between the zeolite surface with fumes gas. This Circumstances will be occur a adsorption of fume gas pollutants by the zeolite particles. As a variable on this research is a size of zeolite particle of 10 mesh, 20 mesh, and 40 mesh. The results of the test shows the bed reactor type of turbulent flow has absorbent power is 53% for CO gas, 52% for CO2 gas, and 41% for HC gas, respectively for particle size is 40 mesh. Similarly, absorption power, amounting to 42% for CO gas, 47% for CO2 gas, and 35% HC gas, respectively for particle size is 10 mesh. Furthermore, 33% for gas CO, 33% for CO2 gas, and 30% HC gas, respectively for particle size is 20 mesh.