Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pendapatan Petani Gula Merah Nira Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) (Studi Kasus: Di Desa Simpang IV, Kecamatan Sei Rampah Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai)

Abstract

Batang sawit dapat menghasilkan air nira kelapa sawit untuk dimanfaatkan menjadi suatu gula merah yang memiliki nilai ekonomis. Kualiatas gula merah kelapa sawit tidak jauh berbeda dengan gula merah lain nya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan petani gula merah nira kelapa sawit di Desa Simpang IV, Kecamatan Sei Rampah, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai April 2021, dengan jumlah sampel petani gura merah nira kelapa sawit sebanyak 30 responden yang diambil melalui teknik sampel jenuh atau sensus. Sedangkan metode pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan rata-rata yang diperoleh petani gula merah nira kelapa sawit adalah sebesar Rp 3.956.644,- per bulan. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t diperoleh bahwa secara parsial variabel biaya tenaga kerja dan harga jual berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani gula merah nira kelapa sawit, sedangkan variabel modal usaha dan biaya bahan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani gula merah nira kelapa sawit di Desa Simpang IV, Kecamatan Sei Rampah, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Selanjutnya variabel modal usaha, biaya tenaga kerja, biaya bahan, dan harga jual secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani gula merah nira kelapa sawit di Desa Simpang IV, Kecamatan Sei Rampah, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Pengaruh tersebut sebesar 93,90% dan sisanya 6,10% dijelaskan oleh variabel-variabel lain. Oil palm trunks can produce palm juice to be used as brown sugar which has economic value. The quality of palm sugar is not much different from other brown sugar. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the income of palm sugar farmers in Simpang IV Village, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. This study uses a descriptive type of research with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted from March to April 2021, with a sample of 30 respondents from red palm oil palm sap farmers who were taken through saturated samples or census techniques. While the method of data collection using questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that the average income earned by Aren Aren farmers was Rp 3,956,644, - per month. Based on the results of the t test, it is known that partially labor costs and selling prices have a positive and significant effect on the income of palm oil brown sugar farmers, while the variables of working capital and material costs have no effect on income. palm oil palm sugar farmers in Simpang IV Village. , Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Furthermore, the variables of working capital, labor costs, material costs, and selling prices together have a significant effect on the income of palm oil brown sugar farmers in Simpang IV Village, Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The effect is 93.90% and the remaining 6.10% is explained by other variables.