Analisis Perbandingan Usaha Tani antara Pola Tanam Polikultur Jagung (Zea Mays) dan Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) dengan Monokultur Jagung (Zea mays) di Desa Sinaman Pematang Kecamatan Dolog Masagal

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mengetahui perbandingan pendapatan usahatani antara pola tanam polikultur dan monokultur, (2) perbandingan efisiensi usahatani antara pola tanam polikultur dan monokultur, (3) perbandingan penggunaan input usahatani antara pola tanam polikultur dan monokultur, dan (4) perbandingan kelayakan usahatani antara pola tanam polikultur dan monokultur. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sinaman Pematang Kecamatan Dolog Masagal Kabupaten Simalungun menggunakan metode purposive sampling mulai dari bulan Agustus sampai dengan September. Sampel diambil sebanyak 30 responden menggunakan metode proportionate stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner yang bersifat terbuka. Variabel independent yang digunakan yaitu luas lahan ( ), tenaga kerja ( ), pupuk ( ), benih ( ), obat – obatan ( ), dan pengalaman bertani ( ), sementara variabel dependen yaitu pendapatan ( ), efisiensi ( ), penggunaan input ( ), dan kelayakan ( ). Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pendapatan usahatani polikultur lebih tinggi daripada monokultur dengan rata – rata Rp 7.865.527,77 > Rp 1.286.416,66 per musim tanam. Usahatani monokultur lebih efisien daripada polikultur dengan tingkat efisien 0 < 0,51 < 1 dan 0 < 0,36 < 1. Penggunaan input usahatani polikultur lebih tinggi daripada monokultur kecuali luas lahan, benih, dan pengalaman bertani. Usahatani monokultur lebih layak daripada polikultur dengan tingkat kelayakan 1,49 > 1 dan 1,41 > 1. This study aims to: (1) compare farm income between polyculture and monoculture cropping patterns, (2) compare farming efficiency between polyculture and monoculture cropping patterns, (3) compare farm input use between polyculture and monoculture cropping patterns, and (4) comparison of farming feasibility between polyculture and monoculture cropping patterns. This research was conducted in Sinaman Pematang Village, Dolog Masagal District, Simalungun Regency using a purposive sampling method from August to September. Samples were taken as many as 30 respondents using the proportionate stratified random sampling method. Data collection was carried out using an open questionnaire. The independent variables used are land area ( ), labor ( ), fertilizer ( ), seeds ( ), pesticides ( ), and farming experience ( ), while the dependent variable is income ( ), efficiency ( ), input use ( ), and feasibility ( ). The data analysis method used is a quantitative descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the income of polyculture farming was higher than monoculture with an average of IDR 7,865,527.77 > IDR 1,286,416.66 per planting season. Monoculture farming is more efficient than polyculture with efficiency levels of 0 < 0,51 < 1 and 0 < 0,36 < 1. The use of inputs for polyculture farming is higher than monoculture except for land area, seeds and farming experience. Monoculture farming is more feasible than polyculture with a feasibility level of 1.49 > 1 and 1.41 > 1.