Eksplorasi Dan Identifikasi Tanaman Aren (Arenga Pinnata) Di Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi keragaman fenotif dan morfologi aksesi tanaman aren yang terdapat di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan September sampai Desember 2022 di Kabupaten Deli Serdang yang terletak di 3 (tiga) kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Galang, Kecamatan Namorambe dan Kecamatan Pagar Merbau. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksplorasi dimana dilakukan penjelajahan dan pengumpulan aksesi tanaman aren yang terdapat di beberapa daerah di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Metode yang diterapkan adalah observasi langsung pada lokasi sentra tanaman aren untuk mengetahui variasi genetik, meliputi karakter morfologi dari berbagai bagian tanaman aren (daun, batang, buah, biji, mayang). Adapun jumlah sampel yang diteliti 5 (lima) tanaman aren yang produktif pada masing masing dari 3 (tiga) Kecamatan di Kabupaten Deli Serdang (Galang 3,42 ton, Namorambe 57,3 ton, Pagar Merbau 3,56 ton), sehingga jumlah tanaman sampel adalah 15 tanaman sampel. Dilakukan identifikasi terhadap karakter kuantitatif dan karakter kualitatif yang didasarkan pada descriptor list dan IPGRI. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis statistik untuk melihat kesesuaian data dengan analisis Cluster. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keragaman fenotif dan morfologi tanaman aren yang dibudidayakan di Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Dari hasil identifikasi karakter kuantitatif dari 15 tanaman pada 3 (tiga) kecamatan di Kabupaten Deli Serdang terbentuk terbentuk 4 kluster, dimana keempat kluster tanaman memiliki kemiripan. The research objective was to identify the phenotypic and morphological diversity of sugar palm accessions in Deli Serdang Regency. This research was carried out from September to December 2022 in Deli Serdang Regency, which is located in 3 (three) sub-districts, namely Galang District, Namorambe District and Pagar Merbau District. The research method uses an exploratory method in which exploration and collection of sugar palm accessions are carried out in several areas in Deli Serdang Regency. The method applied is direct observation at the location of the sugar palm center to determine genetic variation, including the morphological characters of various parts of the sugar palm plant (leaves, stems, fruit, seeds, mayang). The number of samples studied was 5 (five) productive sugar palm plants in each of the 3 (three) Districts in Deli Serdang Regency (Galang 3.42 tons, Namorambe 57.3 tons, Pagar Merbau 3.56 tons), so that the number of plants the sample is 15 sample plants. Identification of quantitative and qualitative characters was carried out based on the descriptor list and IPGRI. Furthermore, statistical analysis was carried out to see the suitability of the data with cluster analysis. The results showed that there was phenotypic and morphological diversity of cultivated sugar palm plants in Deli Serdang Regency. From the results of identifying the quantitative characters of 15 plants in 3 (three) sub-districts in Deli Serdang Regency, 4 clusters were formed, where the four plant clusters have similarities.