Efikasi Beberapa Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Mortalitas Hama Rayap Tanah (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren)

Abstract

Rayap (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) sulit dikendalikan karena tinggal di tanah dan di bagian kayu yang tersisa di mana menjadi makan, bersembunyi, dan berkembang biak. Salah satu alternative yang memliki prospek baik untuk mengendalikan rayap adalah dengan insektisida nabati, yaitu insektisida yang bahan dasarnya berasal dari tumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis Insektisida nabati yang efektif untuk mengendalikan Rayap tanah (C.curvignathus Holmgren). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial yang terdiri sebagai berikut : P0 : kontrol,/100g pakan P1 : daun sirsak 20g/100g pakan , P2 : daun sirsak 30 g/100g pakan, P3 : daun sirsak 40 g/100g pakan, P4 : daun kemangi 20 g/100g pakan, P5 : daun kemangi 30 g/100g pakan, P6 : daun kemangi 40 g/100g pakan, P7 : daun serai wangi 20 g/100g pakan, P8 : daun serai wangi 30 g/100g pakan, P9 : daun serai wangi 40 g/100g pakan, P10 : daun cengkeh 20 g/100g pakan, P11 : daun cengkeh 30 g/100g pakan, P12 : daun cengkeh 40 g/100g pakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pemberian pestisida nabati dari daun sirsak, daun serai wangi dan daun cengkeh dengan dosis 40 g mampu membunuh 100% hama rayap tanah pada hari ke-3. Nilai LD50 terbaik adalah dari pestisida nabati daun cengkeh yaitu 11,06 g. Nilai LT50 yang tercepat pestisida nabati dari daun cengkeh adalah 1,94 hari. The termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) is difficult to control because it lives in the soil and in the remaining wood where it feeds, hides, and breeds. One alternative that has good prospects for controlling termites is by using plant-based insecticides, namely insecticides whose basic ingredients come from plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of insecticide that is effective for controlling subterranean termites (C. curvignathus Holmgren). This research was conducted using a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of the following: P0 : control/100g of feed, P1 : 20 g soursop leaves/100g of feed, P2 : 30 g soursop leaves/100g of feed, P3 : 40 g soursop leaves/100g of feed, P4 : 20 g basil leaves, P5 : 30 g basil leaves/100g of feed, P6 : 40 g basil leaves/100g of feed, P7 : 20 g citronella leaves/100g of feed, P8 : 30 g citronella leaves/100g of feed, P9 : 40 g citronella leaves/100g of feed, P10 : 20 g clove leaves/100g of feed, P11 : 30g clove leaves /100g of feed, P12: clove leaves 40 g/100g of feed. The results of this study showed that the administration of botanical pesticides from soursop leaves, citronella leaves and clove leaves at a dose of 40 g was able to kill 100% of subterranean termites on the 3rd day. The best LD50 value was from clove leaf vegetable pesticides, which was 11.06 g. The fastest LT50 value of vegetable pesticides from clove leaves was 1.94 days.