Perancangan Mesin Pemecah Biji Kelapa Sawit untuk Sebuah Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit dengan Kapasitas 2 Ton Per Jam

Abstract

Perkebunan kelapa sawit dan pabrik pengolahan kelapa sawit (PKS) sampai saat ini masih didominasi oleh Perkebunan Milik Negara dalam hal ini adalah PTPN., namun perkebunan swasta dan perkebunan inti rakyat (PIR) juga memegang peranan yang sangat besar dalam pengembangan kebun kelapa sawit inj . PKS merupakan salah satu komponen yang sangat penting dalam perkebunan kelapa sawit. Secara umum PKS yang dibangun oleh PTPN dalam skala besar, sehingga pembangunan suatu PKS memerlukan biaya yang sangat besar. Hal ini akan menjadi suatu kendala bagi (PIR) untuk memiliki PKS dengan kapasitas besar. "Oleh karena itu sangat diperlukan terobosan barn untuk merancang PKS dalam skala kecil, sehingga terjangkau oleh pengelola PIR. Pada PKS skala kecil yaitu kapasitas (5-;...10) ton TBS/jam diperlukan juga mesin pengolah biji kelapa sawit (Rippel Mill) dengan kapasitas (l-;-2) ton biji sawit/jam. Sehubungan dengan hal ini, penulis telah merancang sebuah mesin pengolah biji kelapa sawit dengan kapasitas 2 ton biji sawit/jam. Hasil perancangan mesin pengolah biji sawit (Rippel Mill) dengan kapasitas 2 ton/jam akan dipaparkan disini secara garis besar, sebagai berikut: Kapasitas Ripple Mill adalah sebesar 1 [ton/jam], Putaran rotor Ripple Mill= 121 [rpm], Daya Motor= 2 [HP], Putaran rotor = 1450 [rpm], Sabuk dan Puli I, Diameter puli penggerak = 65 [mm], Diameter puli yang digerakkan= 130 [mm], Sabuk sabuk V tipe A dengan bahan kulit, Jarak sumbu poros= 260 [mm], Sabuk dan Puli II, diameter puli penggerak = 65 [mm], Diameter puli yang digerakkan = 570 [mm], Sabuk yang digunakan adalah sabuk V tipe A dengan bahan dari sutra dan rami, Jarak sumbu poros = 1140 [mm], Diameter poros transmisi 17 [mm] bahan S55C ( JIS G 4501 ), Diameter rotor as/ poros sebesar 18 [mm] bahan SNC 3 (JIS G 4102), Bahan Spacer Ring FC20 (JIS G 3501) dengan ukuran sebagai berikut: Diameter dalam = 25 [mm], Diameter Naff=35 [mm], Diameter luar= 78 [mm], Diameter lubang baut = 10 [mm], Tebal flange = 15 [mm], Diameter lingkaran baut = 50 [mm], Baut pengikat Spacer Ring dan piringan baut MlO Bahan baut S20C (JIS 302), Diameter minimum rotor bar sebesar 15 [mm] dengan bahan S30C(JIS G4501), Bahan piringan Fc20 (JIS G550) dengan ukuran sebagai berikut: Diameter dalam = 22 [mm], Diameter lingkaran baut= 58 [mm], Diameter lubang baut = 58 [mm], Diameter lingkaran rotor bar dalam = 104 [mm], Diameter lingkaran rotor bar luar = 124 [mm], Diameter lubang rotor bar = 15 [mm], Diameter luar = 154 [mm], Tebal= 15 [mm], Bantalan Ripple Plate Fc20 (JIS G 5501) dengan ukuran sebagai berikut : Jumlah gigi = 15, Lehar akar gigi= 15 [mm], Jari-jari lingkaran dalam Ripple Plate =91 [mm], Jari-jari lingkaran pangkal gigi= 101 [mm], Jari-jari lingkaran luar Ripple Plate= 116 [mm], Bantalan pada poros transmisi, Bantalan B dengan nomor 6204, Bantalan C dengan nomor 6004, Bantalan pada rotor as/ poros, Bantalan A dengan nomor 6004, Bantalan C dengan nomor 6304. Oil palm plantations and palm oil mills (MCC) is still dominated by State-owned plantations in this case is the PTPN., But private estates and plantations for smallholders (NES) also plays a huge role in the development of oil palm plantations inj . MCC is one crucial component in the oil palm plantations. In general MCC PTPN built by a large scale, so that the construction of an MCC requires a very large cost. This will be an obstacle for (PIR) to have the MCC with a large capacity. Hence the new breakthrough is needed to design the MCC on a small scale, so that affordable by managing the PIR. At MCC, the small-scale capacity (5 -:- 10) tons FFB I hour is required also moving machinery oil palm seeds (Rippel Mill) with a capacity of ( 1 -:- 2) tons of seed oil per hour. In this regard, the author has designed a palm seed processing machine with capacity of 2 tons of seed oil per hour The design result seed oil processing machine (Rippel Mill) with a capacity of 2 tons I hour will be presented here in outline, as follows: Ripple Mill capacity is 1 [ton I h], rotor Round Ripple Mill = 121 [rpm], Power Motor= 2 [HP], Round rotor = 1450 [rpm], Belt and Puli I, the driving pulley diameter = 65 [mm], which is driven pulley diameter= 130 [mm], type AV Belt belt with leather, the shaft axis distance= 260 [mm], and Puli II Belt, drive pulley diameter= 65 [mm], diameter pulley driven = 570 [mm], was used Belt V belt type A with materials of silk and hemp, distance axis axis = 1140 [mm], the transmission shaft diameter 17 [mm] material S55C (JIS G 4501), diameter of the rotor shaft at 18 [mm] SNC materials 3 (JIS G 4102), Materials FC20 Spacer Ring (JIS G 3501) with the following size: diameter in= 25 [mm], Diameter Naff= 35 [mm], outer diameter = 78 [mm], bolt hole diameter is 10 [mm], thickness of flange= 15 [mm], bolt circle diameter= 50 [mm], Spacer Ring binder bolts and disc bolts MlO bolt Material S20C (JIS 302), the minimum diameter of the rotor bars at 15 [mm ] with material S30C (JIS G4501), Materials Fc20 plate (JIS G550) with sizes as follows: The diameter of= 22 [mm], bolt circle diameter= 58 [mm], Diameter of bolt holes = 58 [mm], the rotor diameter circle bar in a= 104 [mm], Diameter of outer circle rotor bar = 124 [mm], Diameter hole rotor bar= 15 [mm], outer diameter = 154 [mm], thickness = 15 [mm], Bearing Plate Ripple Fc20 (JIS G 5501) with sizes as follows: Number of teeth = 15, tooth width= 15 [mm], The radius of the circle in Ripple Plate = 91 [mm], the base circle radius of gear= 101 [mm], radius outer circle Ripple Plate = 116 [mm], bearings on the transmission shaft, bearings B with 6204 numbers, bearings C with 6004 numbers, bearings in the rotor shaft, bearings A with number 6004, bearing C with number 6304.