Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Petani Cabai Merah (Capsicum Annum L.) (Studi Kasus : Desa Dolat Rayat, Kecamatan Dolat Rayat, Kabupaten Karo)

Abstract

Sektor pertanian merupakan salah satu sektor di bidang ekonomi yang memiliki arti dan kedudukan penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Sektor ini berperan sebagai sumber penghasil bahan makan, sumber bahan baku bagi industri, mata pencaharian sebagian besar penduduk, penghasil devisa negara dari ekspor komoditasnya bahkan berpengaruh besar terhadap stabilitas dan keamanan social. Salah satu sub sektor yang menjadi pusat perhatian saat ini adalah sub sektor hortikultura. Hortikultura merupakan sub sektor yang mempunyai potensi dan kontribusi yang besar bagi petani. Sub sektor ini memberi peran strategis dalam pendapatan dan penyerapan lapangan kerja. Salah satu pilihan menarik dari sub sektor hortikultura adalah cabai merah. Komoditas ini harga jualnya tidak bisa ditebak. Kadang tinggi, kadang rendah. Namun, meskipun pasokannya turun naik, permintaannya tidak pernah surut khususnya di Sumatera Utara. Cabai merah merupakan salah satu komoditi hortikultura yang banyak dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat dengan tingkat konsumsi yang cenderung meningkat setiap tahunnya. Bahkan, oleh masyarakat Sumatera, khususnya Padang cabai dianggap sebagai sepuluh bahan pokok, dimana banyak masakan yang sangat sulit dipisahkan dari buah ini. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Dolat Rayat, Kecamatan Berastagi, Kabupaten Karo. Metode pengambilan sampel dari populasi penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik . sampling jenuh atau sensus. The agricultural sector is one of the sectors in the economic sector that has meaning and an important position in the national economy. This sector plays a role as a source of producing food ingredients, a source of raw materials for industry, a livelihood for the majority of the population, a foreign exchange earner for the country from commodity exports and even has a major influence on social stability and security. One of the sub-sectors that is currently the center of attention is the horticulture sub-sector. Horticulture is a sub-sector that has great potential and contribution to farmers. This sub-sector provides a strategic role in income and employment absorption. One interesting choice from the horticulture sub-sector is red chili. The selling price of this commodity is unpredictable. Sometimes high, sometimes low. However, even though the supply fluctuated, the demand never subsided, especially in North Sumatra. Red chili is one of the horticultural commodities that is much needed by the community with consumption levels that tend to increase every year. In fact, the people of Sumatra, especially Padang chili are considered as the ten staple ingredients, where many dishes are very difficult to separate from this fruit. This research was conducted in Dolat Rayat Village, Berastagi District, Karo Regency. The method of taking samples from the study population was carried out using the technique . saturated sampling or census. . In this study, because the population was small (limited), it was not possible to use a sample, so the researchers took the same number of samples as the population or called a census, namely the number of Red Chili farmers as many as 44 farmers. The analysis used is Cobb-Douglas Production Analysis. The Cobb-Douglas production function is a function or equation with two or more variables (independent and dependent).