Inventarisasi Nematoda Parasit Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza SATIVA L.) Di Kelompok Tani Sanata Desa Tanjung Garbus Kampung, Kecamatan Pagar Merbau Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman nematoda parasit pada tanaman padi (Oryza sativa) di Kelompok Tani Sanata Desa Tanjung Garbus Kampung. Identifikasi nematoda di laksanakan di Laboratorium Biologi Fakultas FMIPA Universitas Negeri Medan. Lokasi penelitian ditetapkan berdasarkan purposive sampling yaitu lokasi pertanaman padi Kelompok Tani Sanata yang terserang nematoda parasit. Dilakukan ekstraksi nematoda parasit dari benih ,tanaman bergejala, dan tanah di sekitar perakaran tanaman padi tersebut. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah persentase serangan , intensitas serangan, identifikasi nematoda, jumlah nematoda parasit, kepadatan populasi nematoda, dan frekuensi kehadiran nematoda. Persentase serangan di lahan Kelompok Tani Sanata yaitu (28-76%), sedangkan intensitas serangan nematoda (8-23,2%) dan tergolong dalam kategori ringan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh ditemukan 4 jenis nematoda, dari perakaran tanaman berhasil di identifikasi nematoda Hirschmaniella spp, Ditylenchus spp, Aphelenchoides besseyi, dan Meloidogyne spp, pada tanah berhasil di identifikasi nematoda Hirschmaniella spp, Meloidogyne spp, Ditylenchus spp, dan dari benih hanya nematoda Aphelenchoides besseyi. Populasi Nematoda yang terbanyak yaitu: Hirschmaniella spp (12,68 individu), diikuti Ditylenchus spp (6,48 individu), A.besseyi (3,52 individu), Meloidogyne spp (3,04 individu). Dan frekuensi kehadira yang tertinggi yaitu nematoda Hirschmaniella spp (100%) dan termasuk dalam kategori absolut. The study aimed to determine the diversity of parasitic nematodes on rice plants (Oryza sativa) in the Sanata Farming Group, Tanjung Garbus Kampung Village. Nematode identification was conducted at the Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Medan. The research location was determined based on purposive sampling, namely the Sanata Farmesrs Group’s rice plantations location, which was attacked by parasitic nematodes. Parasitic nematodes were extracted from seeds, symptomatic plants, and the soil around the roots of the rice plants. The parameters observed in this study were the percentage and intensity of attacks, nematode identification, number of parasitic nematodes, nematode population density, and nematode appearance frequency. The percentage of attacks on the Sanata Farming Group’s land was (28-76%), while the intensity of nematode attacks was (8-23,2%) and was classified as light. Based on the results obtained, 4 (four) types of nematodes were found, namely in the plant roots, the nematodes of Hirschmaniella spp, Ditylenchus spp, Aphelenchoides besseyi, and Meloidogyne spp were successfully identified; in the soil, the nematodes Hirschmaniella spp, Meloidogyne spp, and Ditylenchus spp were successfully identified; and in seeds only the nematode of Aphelencoides besseyi identified. The largest nematode populations were Hirschmaniella spp (12.68 individuals), followed by Ditylenchus spp (6.48 individuals), A.besseyi (3.52 individuals), Meloidogyne spp (3.04 individuals). Then, the highest appearance frequency was the nematode Hirschmaniella spp (100%), which was included in the absolute category.