Keragaman Nematoda Parasit Tanaman Padi Sawah di Kelompok Tani Sri Asih Desa Tanjung Rejo Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

Nematoda merupakan OPT yang dapat menyebabkan terhambatnya proses fisiologis dan menjadi salah satu faktor menurunnya produksi padi dengan kerugian 10-80%. Keragaman nematoda pada tanaman padi perlu diketahui sebagai upaya untuk mengendalikan nematoda sehingga tingkat kerugian dan populasi nematoda yang tinggi tidak terjadi. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui keragaman dan intensitas serangan nematoda parasit pada tanaman padi sawah di Kelompok Tani Sri Asih Desa Tanjung Rejo. Penelitian ini menggunakan Purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu tanah rizhosfer perakaran tanaman padi, akar dan benih tanaman padi yang diambil dari lahan Kelompok Tani Sri Asih secara diagonal. Parameter pengamatan yang dilakukan adalah jenis nematoda, kepadatan populasi, frekuensi kehadiran dan intensitas serangan nematoda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan enam genus nematoda yaitu, Hirschmaniella spp., Ditylenchus spp, Aphelenchoides sp., Rotylenchulus spp, Trichodorus spp, Meloidogyne spp dan Xiphinema spp. Kepadatan populasi nematoda yang ditemukan pada akar tanaman padi berturut-turut tertinggi yaitu genus Hirschmaniella spp (182,4 individu), Ditylenchus (100,8 individu) & Xiphinema (25 individu). Kepadatan populasi nematoda yang ditemukan pada tanah berturut-turut tertinggi yaitu genus Hirschmaniella (82,6 individu), Ditylenchus (48,8 individu) & Xiphinema (15,0 individu). Kepadatan populasi nematoda yang ditemukan pada benih hanya genus Aphelenchoides sp. (45 individu). Frekuensi kehadiran nematoda tertinggi yaitu nematoda Hirschmaniella spp (100%). Intensitas serangan nematoda yaitu 8-35% dengan kriteria sedang. Luaran dari penelitian ini skripsi dan poster yang sudah memperoleh hak cipta poster dengan nomor sertifikat : EC00202346021 dengan judul poster : Aphelenchoides besseyi Tanaman Padi Varietas Ciherang di Kelompok Tani Sri Asih Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Nematodes are pests that can interfere with physiological processes and become one factor that reduces rice production with losses of 10-80%. It is necessary to know the diversity of nematodes in rice plants to control nematodes so that high levels of losses and nematode populations do not occur. The research aimed to determine the diversity and intensity of parasitic nematode attacks on lowland rice plants in the Sri Asih Farmers Group, Tanjung Rejo Village. Purposive sampling was used in this research. The samples used were the rhizosphere soil of rice plant roots, roots, and seeds of rice plants collected diagonally from the land of the Sri Asih Farming Group. The observation parameters were the type of nematode, population density, frequency of presence, and intensity of nematode attack. The research results showed that six genera of nematodes were found, namely, Hirschmaniella spp., Ditylenchus spp, Aphelenchoides sp., Rotylenchulus spp, Trichodorus spp, Meloidogyne spp and Xiphinema spp. The nematodes population density found on the roots of rice plants was respectively the highest, namely the genus Hirschmaniella spp. (182.4 individuals), Ditylenchus spp. (100.8 individuals) & Xiphinema spp. (25 individuals). Nematode population densities found in the soil were highest for the genus Hirschmaniella spp. (82.6 individuals), Ditylenchus spp. (48.8 individuals) & Xiphinema spp. (15.0 individuals). The nematode population density found on seeds was only the genus Aphelenchoides sp. (45 individuals). The highest frequency of nematode presence was the nematode Hirschmaniella spp. in roots (100%) and soil (76%), whereas, in seeds, there was only Aphelenchoides sp. of 60%. The intensity of nematode attacks was 8-35% with moderate criteria. The outputs of this research were a thesis and poster, which had obtained poster copyright with certificate number EC00202346021 with the poster title of Aphelenchoides besseyi of Ciherang Variety Rice Plants in the Sri Asih Farming Group, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency.