Pengaruh Durai Pengaplikasian Aerasi Terhadap perkecambahan Benih Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Abstract

Tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman pertanian yang menduduki posisi penting khususnya di sektor perkebunan. Hal ini disebabkan karena dari sekian banyak tanaman yang menghasilkan minyak, kelapa sawit yang menghasilkan nilai ekonomi terbesar per hektarnya di dunia Komoditas kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas unggul di Indonesia. Aerasi termasuk pengolahan secara fisika, karena lebih mengutamakan unsur mekanisasi dari pada unsur biologi. Aerasi merupakan proses pengolahan dimana air dibuat mengalami kontak erat dengan udara dengan tujuan meningkatkan kandungan oksigen dalam air tersebut. Dengan meningkatnya oksigen zat-zat mudah menguap seperti hiddrogen sulfide dan metana yang mempengaruhi rasa dan bau dapat dihilangkan. Kandungan karbondioksida dalam air akan berkurang. Tujuan penelitian yaitu, Untuk mengetahui respon perkecambahan benih kelapa sawit terhadap perlakuan durasi aerasi, Untuk mengetahui ketahanan benih kelapa sawit terhadap perlakuan durasi aerasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor Lama Pemanasan (P), yang terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) berdasarkan model linear dari rancangan yang digunakan. Apabila hasil ANOVA menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata dan sangat nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji beda rataan menurut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pengaplikasian durasi aerasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah benih rusak, tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah benih berkecambah, persentase benih berkecambah, persentase benih rusak. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a type of agricultural plant that occupies an important position, especially in the plantation sector. This is because of the many plants that produce oil, palm oil produces the largest economic value per hectare in the world. Palm oil is a superior commodity in Indonesia. Aeration includes physical processing, because it prioritizes mechanization elements rather than biological elements. Aeration is a processing process where water is brought into close contact with air with the aim of increasing the oxygen content in the water. By increasing oxygen, volatile substances such as hydrogen sulfide and methane which affect taste and odor can be removed. The carbon dioxide content in the water will decrease. The aim of the research is, to determine the response of oil palm seed germination to aeration duration treatment, to determine the resistance of oil palm seeds to aeration duration treatment. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method with the Heating Time (P) factor, which consisted of 4 treatment levels and 5 replications. The research data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) based on the linear model of the design used. If the ANOVA results show that the results are significantly different and very significant, then proceed with the mean difference test according to Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a confidence level of 5%. The research results showed that the application of aeration duration had a significant effect on the number of damaged seeds, but did not have a real effect on the number of germinated seeds, the percentage of germinated seeds, and the percentage of damaged seeds.