Karakteristik Fungi Kontaminan Pascapanen ada Buah Jeruk Madu (Citrus Sp.) Khas Berastagi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis fungi yang mengkontaminasi buah jeruk madu khas Berastagi pascapanen. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan secara invitro di Laboratorium. Tahapan dalam penelitian antara lain preparasi media uji, isolasi fungi kontaminan pada buah jeruk madu, teknik biakan murni, pengukuran diameter fungi pada media pertumbuhan, identifikasi fungi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis serta metode blocksquare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 16 isolat fungi kontaminan pascapanen dari buah jeruk madu khas Berastagi, ke-16 isolat fungi tersebut memiliki karakteristik tekstur koloni dan warna spora yang bervariasi. Karakteristik mikroskopis dilakukan dengan mengamati bentuk hifa dan konidia. Identifikasi disesuaikan dengan buku Pengenalan Kapang Tropik Umum (Ganjdar et al., 1999). Berdasarkan pengamatan mikroskopis ke-16 isolat fungi terdiri dari Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., dan Miselia sterilia. The aim of this research is to identify the types of fungi that contaminate postharvest Berastagi honey oranges. This research is a descriptive qualitative study conducted in vitro in a laboratory setting. The stages of the research include test media preparation, isolation of contaminant fungi from honey oranges, pure culture techniques, measurement of fungal diameter on growth media, macroscopic and microscopic identification of fungi, as well as the blocksquare method. The results showed that 16 isolates of post-harvest contaminant fungi were found on Berastagi honey oranges, with colony texture and spore color varying among them. Microscopic characteristics were observed by examining the shape of hyphae and conidia. Identification was conducted according to the book Introduction to General Tropical Fungi (Ganjdar et al., 1999). Based on microscopic observation, the 16 fungal isolates consisted of Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Mycelia sterilia.