Rancang Bangun Monitoring Ketinggian Air Berbasis Iot Untuk Deteksi Dini Banjir Pada Bendungan Sungai Deli

Abstract

Banjir merupakan salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi di Kota Medan, khususnya di sekitar aliran Sungai Deli, akibat tingginya curah hujan dan kurangnya sistem peringatan dini yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem monitoring ketinggian air berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk mendeteksi dini potensi banjir. Penelitian dilakukan secara prototipe di laboratorium menggunakan desain penelitian Design and Creation, tanpa melibatkan partisipan manusia. Sistem terdiri dari mikrokontroler ESP32 yang terintegrasi dengan tiga sensor utama: sensor ultrasonik SRF-05 untuk mengukur ketinggian air, water flow sensor G1/2 untuk mengukur debit aliran air, dan raindrop sensor untuk mendeteksi keberadaan hujan. Data dari sensor dikirimkan secara real-time ke platform ThingSpeak dan dapat dimonitor melalui aplikasi ThingView pada smartphone. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama simulasi kondisi banjir dalam akuarium, dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat mengukur ketinggian air dengan akurasi ±1 cm dan mengirimkan data setiap 15 detik secara stabil. Selain itu, indikator LED dan buzzer aktif ketika air mencapai level siaga, menunjukkan respons sistem terhadap kondisi kritis. Rancangan ini menunjukkan potensi besar sebagai sistem deteksi banjir yang efisien, murah, dan mudah digunakan masyarakat serta instansi terkait untuk mengurangi dampak bencana banjir di wilayah Sungai Deli. Flooding is one of the disasters that often occurs in Medan City, especially around the Deli River, due to high rainfall and the lack of an effective early warning system. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based water level monitoring system to detect potential flooding early. The study was conducted as a prototype in the laboratory using the Design and Creation research design, without involving human participants. The system consists of an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with three main sensors: an SRF-05 ultrasonic sensor to measure water level, a G1/2 water flow sensor to measure water flow rate, and a raindrop sensor to detect the presence of rain. Data from the sensors are sent in real-time to the ThingSpeak platform and can be monitored via the ThingView application on a smartphone. Data collection was carried out during a flood condition simulation in an aquarium, and analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results show that the system can measure water level with an accuracy of ±1 cm and transmit data every 15 seconds stably. In addition, the LED indicator and buzzer are active when the water reaches the alert level, indicating the system's response to critical conditions. This design shows great potential as an efficient, inexpensive, and easy-to-use flood detection system for the community and related agencies to reduce the impact of flood disasters in the Deli River area.