Uji Beberapa Media Tanaman Terhadap Jumlah Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) Hasil Aklimatisasi

Abstract

Tanaman nilam merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi karena menghasilkan minyak atsiri yang digunakan dalam industri parfum, kosmetik, dan obat-obatan memegang peranan amat penting, karena mengobati berbagai gejala gangguan pencernaan, seperti pilek, sakit kepala, mual, muntah, nyeri perut, diare, kolitis ulserativa, dispepsia, dan nafsu makan yang buruk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh beberapa media tanam yang berbeda terhadap jumlah dan kualitas minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan oleh tanaman nilam setelah proses aklimatisasi Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Medan Area dengan metode eksploratif, dengan fokus pada variabel tumbuhan obat yang ditemukan. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan deskriptif dengan melakukan pengamatan dan pendataan terhadap setiap tumbuhan obat yang ditemukan di wilayah Desa Dolat Rayat, Kecamatan Dolat Rayat, Kabupaten Karo, Sumatera Utara. Dengan 4 perlakuan: A0 = Kontrol (Tanah Topsoil + Cocopeat + Arang Sekam) (1:1:1), A1 = Tanah Top Soil + Cocopeat + Tanah Humus (1:1:1), A2 = Tanah Top Soil + Cocopeat + Pupuk Kandang Kambing (1:1:1) dan A3 = Tanah Top Soil + Cocopeat + Pasir (1:1:1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pH Tanah, pH tanah untuk semua sampel berada pada kisaran asam (5.0200 - 5.1600), Tekstur Tanah, Tekstur tanah menunjukkan dominasi pasir pada semua sampel, Fosfor (P) dan Kalium (K), Kandungan fosfor tertinggi terdapat pada sampel Tanah (A1) dengan 0.5793%, C-Organik dan Nitrogen (N), Kandungan C-Organik dan nitrogen bervariasi antar sampel dengan nilai tertinggi pada Tanah (A1) (C-Organik 7.8400% dan N 0.5781%). The patchouli plant is a herbal plant that has high economic value because it produces essential oil which is used in the perfume, cosmetics and medicine industries and plays a very important role, because it treats various symptoms of digestive disorders, such as colds, headaches, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain. , diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, dyspepsia, and poor appetite. The aim of this research was to test the effect of several different planting media on the quantity and quality of essential oils produced by patchouli plants after the acclimatization process. This research was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Medan Area University using an exploratory method, with a focus on the medicinal plant variables found. This research adopted a descriptive approach by observing and collecting data on every medicinal plant found in the Dolat Rayat Village area, Dolat Rayat District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. With 4 treatments: A0 = Control (Topsoil + Cocopeat + Charcoal Husk) (1:1:1), A1 = Topsoil + Cocopeat + Humus Soil (1:1:1), A2 = TopSoil + Cocopeat + Goat Manure (1:1:1) and A3 = Top Soil + Cocopeat + Sand (1:1:1). The results of the research show Soil pH, soil pH for all samples is in the acidic range (5.0200 - 5.1600), Soil Texture, Soil texture shows the dominance of sand in all samples, Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K), The highest phosphorus content is found in Soil samples (A1) with 0.5793%, C-Organic and Nitrogen (N), C-Organic and nitrogen content varied between samples with the highest value in Soil (A1) (C-Organic 7.8400% and N 0.5781%)