Analisis Efisiensi Produksi Usahatani Penangkar Bawang Merah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Bawang merang merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan sector Pertanian di provinsi sumatera utara yang saat ini keberadaan kelompok tani penangkar yang masih minim dan memerlukan upaya penumbuhkembangan dalam upaya memenuhi kebutuhan benih bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Minimnya kelompok tani penangkar bawang merah menunjukkan bahwa penangkaran benih bawang merah masih belum banyak diminati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor produksi luas lahan, benih, tenaga kerja, pupuk dan pestisida terhadap produksi benih penangkar benih bawang merah dan menganalisis capaian efisiensi teknis penangkar benih bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan data cross section 45 petani sampel. Analisis fungsi produksi menggunakan fungsi produksi stochastik frontier dan analisis efisiensi teknis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor produksi benih, tenaga kerja, pupuk dan pestisida berpengaruh secara positif signifikan terhadap produksi penangkar benih bawang merah, sedangkan faktor produksi lahan berpengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap produksi penangkar benih bawang merah dan usahatani penangkaran benih bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara belum mencapai efisiensi tertinggi dimana rata-rata efisiensi teknis sebesar 0,8838, secara efisiensi alokatif, penggunaan faktor produksi benih dan pupuk dalam usahatani penangkaran benih bawang merah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara belum efisien dan secara efisiensi ekonomi, faktor produksi benih dan pupuk belum mencapai tingkat efisiensi ekonomi. Onion is one of the leading commodities in the agricultural sector in the province of North Sumatra, where the existence of breeder farmer groups is still minimal and requires development efforts in an effort to meet the needs of shallot seeds in North Sumatra Province. The lack of shallot breeder farmer groups indicates that shallot seed breeding is still not in great demand. This study aims to analyse the effect of production factors of land area, seeds, labour, fertilisers and pesticides on the production of shallot seed breeders and analyse the achievement of technical efficiency of shallot seed breeders in North Sumatra Province. This study uses cross section data of 45 sample farmers. Production function analysis using stochastic frontier production function and technical efficiency analysis. The results showed that the production factors of seeds, labour, fertilizers and pesticides had a significant positive effect on the production of shallot seed breeders, while the production factor of land had an insignificant negative effect on the production of shallot seed breeders and shallot seed breeding farms in North Sumatra Province had not yet reached the highest efficiency where the average technical efficiency was 0.8838, In terms of allocative efficiency, the use of production factors of seeds and fertilisers in shallot seed breeding farms in North Sumatra Province has not been efficient and in terms of economic efficiency, the production factors of seeds and fertilisers have not reached the level of economic efficiency.