Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://repositori.uma.ac.id/handle/123456789/28609
Title: Uji Keberagaman Umur Batang Bawah Kakao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Pada Teknik Sambung Pucuk
Other Titles: Diversity Test Of The Age Of Cocoa Rootstock (Theobroma Cacao L.) On The Technique Of Connecting Shoots
Authors: Rizky, Muhammad Nazli
metadata.dc.contributor.advisor: Siregar, Tumpal HS Siregar
Keywords: Umur Batang Bawah Kakao;Theobroma Cacao L.;Sambung Pucuk;Test Of The Age Of Cocoa Rootstock;The Technique Of Connecting Shoots
Issue Date: Sep-2024
Publisher: Universitas Medan Area
Series/Report no.: NPM;208210012
Abstract: Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan komoditas strategis subsektor perkebunan yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, baik sebagai bahan baku industri maupun sumber devisa negara. Namun, produktivitas kakao di tingkat petani masih tergolong rendah, salah satunya disebabkan oleh penggunaan bibit generatif yang tidak seragam secara genetik. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, teknik perbanyakan vegetatif melalui sambung pucuk menjadi alternatif yang efektif karena mampu mempertahankan sifat unggul tanaman induk dan mempercepat masa berbuah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji umur batang bawah yang optimal dalam teknik sambung pucuk kakao melalui pendekatan studi literatur. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 22 artikel ilmiah terbitan 2012–2023 yang memenuhi kriteria relevansi, reputasi ilmiah, dan fokus pada perbanyakan tanaman kakao. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa umur batang bawah antara 8–10 minggu merupakan fase paling optimal untuk penyambungan, karena pada usia tersebut jaringan batang memiliki keseimbangan ideal antara kelenturan dan kematangan fisiologis. Faktor lain seperti kompatibilitas batang atas dan bawah, teknik penyambungan, serta kondisi lingkungan juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat keberhasilan. Kajian ini memberikan dasar praktis bagi pengembangan pembibitan kakao secara efisien dan berkelanjutan.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a strategic commodity in the plantation subsector that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy, both as an industrial raw material and a source of foreign exchange for the country. However, cocoa productivity at the farmer level is still relatively low, one of which is due to the use of genetically non-uniform generative seeds. To overcome this problem, the vegetative propagation technique through shoot grafting is an effective alternative because it is able to maintain the superior properties of the mother plant and accelerate the fruiting period. This study aims to examine the optimal lifespan of the rootstock in the cocoa shoot grafting technique through a literature study approach. The analysis was carried out on 22 scientific articles published in 2012–2023 that met the criteria of relevance, scientific reputation, and focus on cocoa plant propagation. The results of the study show that the lifespan of the rootstock between 8–10 weeks is the most optimal phase for splicing, because at that age the stem tissue has an ideal balance between flexibility and physiological maturity. Other factors such as upper and lower stem compatibility, joining techniques, and environmental conditions also greatly affect the success rate. This study provides a practical basis for the efficient and sustainable development of cocoa nurseries.
Description: 9 Halaman
URI: https://repositori.uma.ac.id/handle/123456789/28609
Appears in Collections:SP - Agricultural Technology

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