International Course Program (ICP) Report Creating Simulations and Schematics of Solar Tracker Components

Abstract

The Solar Tracker Simulation and Schematic project was designed to address the efficiency limitations of static solar panels by developing an automated system capable of aligning panels with the sun’s position. This project, carried out as part of the International Course Program, involved the design and simulation of a solar tracking mechanism using Arduino Uno as the central controller. Four Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors were placed in four quadrants to detect sunlight intensity, and two servo motors were used to adjust the panel’s orientation both horizontally and vertically. The system was simulated using Tinkercad Circuits, where the Arduino processed sensor input and controlled the servo motors through PWM signals. The simulation results successfully demonstrated the system’s ability to orient the panel toward the direction of maximum light intensity, thereby improving energy absorption compared to static panels. Although the simulation achieved its main objectives, limitations remain in terms of real-world application, particularly regarding the power supply for servo motors and stability of control algorithms. Future recommendations include implementing an external power source, refining the control algorithm with techniques such as PID, and testing the system on a larger-scale solar panel to evaluate practical performance.