Hubungan Dukungan Sosial dengan Kecemasan Pasien Penderita Dispepsia pada Lansia di Klinik Pratama Mitra ND2

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan tingkat kecemasan pada lansia penderita dispepsia di Klinik Pratama Mitra ND2. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari seluruh lansia berusia 60-70 tahun yang merupakan pasien dispepsia dan masih menjalankan pengobatan di Klinik Pratama Mitra ND2, berjumlah 100 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala dukungan sosial yang dikonstruk berdasarkan empat dimensi teori Sarafino (2011), yaitu dukungan emosional, dukungan instrumental, dukungan informasi, dan dukungan persahabatan. Untuk mengukur kecemasan, digunakan skala General Anxiety Disorder yang diadaptasi dari Fadilah (2015). Analisis data menggunakan teknik korelasi Pearson Product Moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial dengan kecemasan, dengan koefisien korelasi (Rxy) sebesar -0,817 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,050). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin rendah dukungan sosial yang diterima lansia, maka semakin tinggi tingkat kecemasan yang dialami. Koefisien determinasi (R²) menunjukkan nilai 0,667, yang berarti dukungan sosial berkontribusi sebesar 66,7% terhadap variasi tingkat kecemasan pada lansia penderita dispepsia. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif, tingkat dukungan sosial responden tergolong rendah dengan mean empirik 63,69 dibandingkan mean hipotetik 80. Sebaliknya, tingkat kecemasan tergolong tinggi dengan mean empirik 287,72 dibandingkan mean hipotetik 235. Temuan ini mengkonfirmasi pentingnya dukungan sosial sebagai faktor protektif dalam mengurangi kecemasan pada lansia penderita dispepsia. This study aims to determine the correlation between social support and anxiety in elderly patients with dyspepsia at Mitra ND2 Primary Clinic. The research employed a quantitative method with a correlational design. The study population consisted of all elderly patients aged 60-70 years diagnosed with dyspepsia who were still undergoing treatment at Mitra ND2 Primary Clinic, totaling 100 individuals. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a sample size of 100 respondents. The research instruments included a social support scale constructed based on four dimensions of Sarafino's (2011) theory: emotional support, instrumental support, informational support, and companionship support. To measure anxiety levels, the General Anxiety Disorder scale adapted from Fadilah (2015) was utilized. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson Product Moment correlation technique. The results revealed a significant negative relationship between social support and anxiety, with a correlation coefficient (Rxy) of - 0.817 and a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.050). This indicates that the lower the social support received by elderly patients, the higher their anxiety levels. The coefficient of determination (R²) showed a value of 0.667, meaning that social support contributes 66.7% to the variation in anxiety levels among elderly patients with dyspepsia. Based on descriptive analysis, the respondents' social support level was categorized as low, with an empirical mean of 63.69 compared to a hypothetical mean of 80. Conversely, anxiety levels were categorized as high, with an empirical mean of 287.72 compared to a hypothetical mean of 235. These findings confirm the importance of social support as a protective factor in reducing anxiety among elderly patients with dyspepsia. The study provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals in developing interventions that emphasize the role of social support systems in managing anxiety disorders among elderly populations with chronic gastrointestinal conditions.