Pendekatan Restorative Justice dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan (Studi di Polres Nias)

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan pendekatan Restorative Justice dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana penganiayaan di Polres Nias. Restorative Justice merupakan pendekatan penyelesaian konflik yang berfokus pada pemulihan hubungan antara korban, pelaku, dan masyarakat, alih-alih hanya mengandalkan hukuman melalui proses peradilan formal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode field research dengan pendekatan studi kasus deskriptif untuk menggambarkan fakta, gejala, dan realita di lapangan. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumen, dengan informan meliputi penyidik Satreskrim Polres Nias, anggota kepolisian, dan masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Restorative Justice diterapkan sebagai alternatif penyelesaian kasus penganiayaan ringan, terutama yang melibatkan mediasi antara korban, pelaku, dan pihak terkait seperti keluarga, tokoh masyarakat, dan aparat penegak hukum. Proses ini meliputi tahapan evaluasi kasus, mediasi, dan penyusunan kesepakatan damai yang dituangkan dalam surat perjanjian perdamaian. Restorative Justice di Polres Nias bertujuan untuk memulihkan hubungan antara korban dan pelaku, mengurangi beban sistem peradilan formal, serta mencegah terulangnya kejadian serupa di masa depan. Namun, penerapan Restorative Justice menghadapi beberapa hambatan, seperti kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang konsep ini, resistensi dari korban atau pelaku, tuntutan adat yang memberatkan, serta keterbatasan sumber daya dan regulasi yang belum jelas. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Restorative Justice efektif dalam menyelesaikan kasus penganiayaan ringan dengan melibatkan par tisipasi aktif dari semua pihak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya sosialisasi yang lebih intensif tentang Restorative Justice , penyediaan sumber daya yang memadai, dan penyusunan pedoman teknis yang jelas untuk meningkatkan efektivitas penerapan Restorative Justice di masa depan. This study examines the implementation of the Restorative Justice approach in addressing assault crimes at the Nias Police Resort (Polres Nias). Restorative Justice is a conflict resolution approach that focuses on restoring relationships between victims, offenders, and the community, rather than relying solely on punishment through formal judicial processes. This research uses a field research method with a descriptive case study approach to depict facts, phenomena, and realities on the ground. Data was collected through observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and document studies, with informants including investigators from the Criminal Investigation Unit (Satreskrim) of Polres Nias, police officers, and local community members. The findings indicate that Restorative Justice is applied as an alternative resolution for minor assault cases, particularly those involving mediation between the victim, offender, and related parties such as family members, community leaders, and law enforcement officials. This process includes stages such as case evaluation, mediation, and the drafting of a peace agreement formalized in a written peace accord. Restorative Justice at Polres Nias aims to restore the relationship between the victim and the offender, reduce the burden on the formal judicial system, and prevent the recurrence of similar incidents in the future. However, the implementation of Restorative Justice faces several challenges, such as a lack of public understanding of the concept, resistance from victims or offenders, burdensome customary demands, and limited resources as well as unclear regulations. The conclusion of this study is that Restorative Justice is effective in resolving minor assault cases by involving active participation from all parties. This research recommends the need for more intensive socialization of Restorative Justice , provision of adequate resources, and the development of clear technical guidelines to enhance the effectiveness of Restorative Justice implementation in the future.