Analisis Perbandingan Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah dengan Padi Ladang (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Sondi Raya Kecamatan Raya Kabupaten Simalungun)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbandingan pendapatan antara usahatani padi sawah dan padi ladang di Kelurahan Sondi Raya, Kecamatan Raya, Kabupaten Simalungun. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya perbedaan sistem budidaya dan harga jual hasil panen antara kedua jenis usahatani tersebut yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 40 responden yang terdiri dari petani padi sawah dan petani padi ladang. Analisis data menggunakan analisis biaya dan pendapatan serta uji statistik Independent Sample T-Test dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan biaya produksi usahatani padi sawah dengan rata-rata Rp3.634.788, sedangkan usahatani padi ladang dengan rata-rata Rp4.807.675 per musim tanam dan pendapatan petani padi sawah sebesar Rp12.979.972 per musim tanam, sedangkan petani padi ladang sebesar Rp11.470.085 per musim tanam. Meskipun terdapat selisih pendapatan sebesar Rp1.509.887, Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik yang dilakukan, nilai sig. 0,276 yang dimana lebih besar dari 0,05. Hal ini menyatakan perbedaan pendapatan tidak signifikan antara usahatani padi sawah dengan usahatani padi ladang. This study aims to analyze the comparison of income between lowland rice and upland rice farming in Sondi Raya Village, Raya Subdistrict, Simalungun Regency. The research is motivated by differences in cultivation systems and selling prices of harvests between the two types of farming, which are assumed to influence farmers’ income. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires distributed to 40 respondents consisting of lowland rice and upland rice farmers. Data analysis employed cost and income analysis as well as an Independent Sample T-Test using SPSS version 24. The results showed that the average production cost of lowland rice farming was Rp3,634,788 per planting season, while upland rice farming was Rp4,807,675. The average income of lowland rice farmers was Rp12,979,972 per planting season, compared to Rp11,470,085 for upland rice farmers. Although there was an income difference of Rp1,509,887, the statistical test result (sig. = 0.276) was greater than 0.05, indicating that the income difference between lowland and upland rice farming is not statistically significant.