Implementasi Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengembangan UMKM dalam Mewujudkan Desa Mandiri di Desa Tanjung Purba Kecamatan Bangun Purba Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

Pembangunan desa mandiri menempatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat sebagai strategi utama dalam penguatan ekonomi lokal melalui pengembangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi program pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan UMKM serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penghambat pelaksanaannya di Desa Tanjung Purba, Kecamatan Bangun Purba, Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif, melalui teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan mengacu pada model implementasi kebijakan George C. Edwards III yang meliputi aspek komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan UMKM telah berjalan cukup efektif, ditandai dengan adanya dukungan pemerintah desa, pelaksanaan pelatihan kewirausahaan, serta fasilitasi permodalan dan pemasaran. Namun demikian, pelaksanaan program belum optimal karena masih terdapat kendala, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, rendahnya literasi digital pelaku UMKM, serta belum maksimalnya koordinasi antar kelembagaan desa. Dengan demikian, keberhasilan implementasi program sangat dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan kapasitas aparatur, konsistensi pendampingan, serta partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam mendukung terwujudnya desa mandiri secara berkelanjutan. Independent village development places community empowerment as a primary strategy in strengthening the local economy through the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to analyze the implementation of the community empowerment program through MSME development and identify factors inhibiting its implementation in Tanjung Purba Village, Bangun Purba District, Deli Serdang Regency. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type, through data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted descriptively with reference to the George C. Edwards III policy implementation model which includes aspects of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the community empowerment program through MSME development has been quite effective, marked by the support of the village government, the implementation of entrepreneurship training, and the facilitation of capital and marketing. However, the program implementation has not been optimal due to still existing obstacles, such as limited human resources, low digital literacy of MSME actors, and less than optimal coordination between village institutions. Thus, the success of the program implementation is greatly influenced by increasing the capacity of the apparatus, consistent mentoring, and active community participation in supporting the realization of independent villages in a sustainable manner.