Penegakan Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Penistaan Agama yang Dilakukan melalui Media Sosial (Studi Polda Sumut)

Abstract

Penelitian tesis ini berjudul Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penistaan Agama Yang Dilakukan Melalui Media Sosial (Studi Polda Sumut). Rumusan masalahnya yakni (1)Bagaimana aturan hukum tindak pidana penistaan agama berdasarkan peraturan perundang - undangan? (2)Bagaimana proses penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Polda Sumut terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penistaan agama melalui media sosial? (3) Bagaimana kendala yang dihadapi oleh Polda Sumut dalam melakukan penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penistaan agama melalui media sosial? Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif analisis. Untuk pendekatan masalah menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan skunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1)Aturan hukum tindak pidana penistaan agama diatur dalam Pasal 29 UUD 1945, Penetapan Presiden RI No.1/PNPS Tahun 1965 tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Penodaan Agama, Pasal 156a KUHP, serta Undang – Undang No. 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.(2)Proses penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Polda Sumut terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penistaan agama melalui media sosial yakni ketika Polda Sumut mendapat laporan terkait adanya penistaan agama dari masyarakat yang dirugikan, maka Polda Sumut akan melakukan penyelidikan dengan mengumpulkan bukti awal demi memastikan ada atau tidaknya unsur pidana. Jika memenuhi unsur maka akan dilanjutkan ke tahap penyidikan. (3)Kendala yang dihadapi Polda Sumut dalam melakukan penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penistaan agama yakni adanya pasal yang multitafsir yakni Pasal 156 KUHP dan UU ITE sering dianggap memiliki rumusan yang luas sehingga menimbulkan perbedaan penafsiran — apa yang dianggap “penistaan” di satu kasus, bisa dianggap “kritik” atau “pendapat” di kasus lain This thesis research is entitled Law Enforcement Against Criminal Acts of Blasphemy Committed Through Social Media (North Sumatra Regional Police Study). The formulation of the problem is (1) What are the legal rules for criminal acts of blasphemy based on statutory regulations? (2) How is the law enforcement process carried out by the North Sumatra Regional Police against perpetrators of criminal acts of blasphemy through social media? (3) What are the obstacles faced by the North Sumatra Regional Police in enforcing the law against perpetrators of criminal acts of blasphemy through social media? The research method used is normative juridical legal research, with a descriptive analytical research type. To approach the problem, a normative juridical approach is used. The data used are primary and secondary data. The results of the study show that (1) The legal rules for criminal acts of blasphemy are regulated in Article 29 of the 1945 Constitution, Presidential Decree of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1/PNPS of 1965 concerning the Prevention of Abuse of Blasphemy, Article 156a of the Criminal Code, and Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions. (2) The law enforcement process carried out by the North Sumatra Regional Police against perpetrators of the crime of blasphemy through social media is when the North Sumatra Regional Police receive a report regarding blasphemy from the community who has been harmed, the North Sumatra Regional Police will conduct an investigation by collecting initial evidence to determine whether or not there are criminal elements. If the elements are met, it will proceed to the investigation stage. (3) The obstacles faced by the North Sumatra Regional Police in enforcing the law against perpetrators of the crime of blasphemy are the existence of articles that are open to multiple interpretations, namely Article 156 of the Criminal Code and the ITE Law, which are often considered to have broad formulations, giving rise to differences in interpretation - what is considered "blasphemy" in one case, can be considered "criticism" or "opinion" in another case.