Peran Makna Hidup Sebagai Mediator Dalam Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Subjective Well-Being Pada Mahasiswa Dan Mahasiswi Batak Perantau

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan memahami faktor-faktor psikologis yang mendukung kesejahteraan subjektif (subjective well-being) mahasiswa Batak perantau, mengingat proses adaptasi di perantauan kerap diwarnai tuntutan akademik, sosial, dan kultural. Studi ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap subjective well-being, pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap makna hidup, pengaruh makna hidup terhadap subjective well-being, serta menguji peran makna hidup sebagai mediator pada hubungan dukungan sosial dan subjective well- being. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan analisis mediasi. Responden berjumlah 250 mahasiswa dan mahasiswi Batak perantau (usia 19–25 tahun; semester 1 sampai 8) di Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia, dipilih melalui total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert 7 poin, meliputi Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), dan Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Analisis dilakukan dengan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) menggunakan AMOS dan uji Sobel untuk menguji efek tidak langsung. Hasil menunjukkan dukungan sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap subjective well-being (C.R.=4,343; p<0,001) serta terhadap makna hidup (C.R.=4,162; p<0,001). Makna hidup juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap subjective well-being (C.R.=1,964; p=0,050). Uji Sobel mengindikasikan makna hidup memediasi secara signifikan pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap subjective well-being (p=0,03). Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan dukungan sosial yang disertai fasilitasi pemaknaan hidup sebagai strategi peningkatan kesejahteraan subjektif mahasiswa Batak perantau. This study was undertaken to clarify the psychological factors that foster subjective well-being among Batak migrant university students, given that the process of adaptation in a new setting is frequently shaped by academic, social, and cultural demands. It aimed to examine the effects of social support on subjective well-being, social support on meaning in life, and meaning in life on subjective well-being, as well as to test the mediating role of meaning in life in the relationship between social support and subjective well-being. The research employed a quantitative correlational design with a mediation analysis approach. Participants were 250 Batak migrant male and female students (aged 19–25 years; semesters 1 to 8) at Universitas Sari Mutiara Indonesia, recruited through total sampling. Data were collected using 7-point Likert-scale questionnaires: the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS, and the Sobel test was conducted to assess the significance of indirect effects. The results indicated that social support had a positive and significant effect on subjective well-being (C.R.=4.343; p<0.001) and on meaning in life (C.R.=4.162; p<0.001). Meaning in life also had a positive and significant effect on subjective well-being (C.R.=1.964; p=0.050). The Sobel test confirmed that meaning in life significantly mediated the effect of social support on subjective well-being (p=0.03). These findings highlight the importance of strengthening social support alongside facilitating meaning-making as a strategy to enhance the subjective well-being of Batak migrant students.