Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Self Efficacy pada Orang Tua Anak Autisme Melalui Mediasi Kecerdasan Emosional

Abstract

Mengasuh anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) menghadirkan tantangan unik yang dapat menurunkan self efficacy pada orang tua. Dukungan sosial dianggap sebagai faktor eksternal krusial, namun efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan self efficacy sering kali bergantung pada faktor internal individu, seperti kecerdasan emosional. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran mediasi kecerdasan emosional dalam hubungan antara dukungan sosial dan self efficacy pada orang tua yang memiliki anak autisme. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dari responden pada orang tua anak autisme menggunakan instrumen seperti The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik Structural Equation Modeling dengan Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Hasil penelitian terhadap 153 pada orang tua anak autisme menunjukkan dukungan sosial memengaruhi self efficacy sebesar 51,7% dengan nilai p < 0,001. Dukungan sosial memengaruhi kecerdasan emosional sebesar 57,3% dengan nilai p < 0,001, dan kecerdasan emosional memengaruhi self efficacy 36,5% dengan nilai p < 0,001. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan dukungan sosial dapat meningkatkan self efficacy pada orang tua anak autisme melalui kecerdasan emosional yang dimiliki. Parenting a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents unique challenges that can lower parents' self-confidence and self-efficacy. While social support is considered a crucial external factor, its effectiveness in boosting self-confidence often depends on internal factors, such as emotional intelligence. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of emotional intelligence in the relationship between social support and selfconfidence in parents of children with autism. This study used a quantitative approach with a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from respondents, parents of children with autism, using instruments such as the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results of a study of 153 parents of autistic children showed that social support influenced self-confidence by 51.7% with a p value <0.001. Social support influenced emotional intelligence by 57.3% with a p value <0.001, and emotional intelligence influenced self-confidence by 36.5% with a p value <0.001. Thus, it can be concluded that increasing social support can increase the self-confidence of parents of autistic children through their emotional intelligence.