Penerapan Restorative Justice dalam Tindak Pidana Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (Studi di Wilayah Polres Toba)

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan pendekatan Restorative Justice dalam penanganan kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) di wilayah Polres Toba. Restorative Justice merupakan metode penyelesaian konflik yang menekankan pemulihan hubungan antara korban, pelaku, keluarga, dan masyarakat, sebagai alternatif dari proses peradilan formal yang bersifat represif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan studi kasus deskriptif, melibatkan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Informan penelitian meliputi aparat kepolisian khususnya Unit Pelayanan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA), Lembaga Hukum terkait, korban, serta pelaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Restorative Justice di Polres Toba berhasil diterapkan dengan memanfaatkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal seperti musyawarah, peran tokoh adat, dan gotong royong, yang mendukung proses mediasi dan penyelesaian konflik secara dialogis dan partisipatif. Proses ini melibatkan tahapan mediasi yang difasilitasi oleh aparat, keterlibatan aktif keluarga, serta dukungan regulasi internal yang menjadi dasar hukum pelaksanaan keadilan restoratif. Namun, penerapan Restorative Justice masih menghadapi tantangan berupa keterbatasan sumber daya, kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat, serta adanya konflik antara nilai adat dan perlindungan korban. Kesimpulan penelitian menyatakan bahwa Restorative Justice merupakan alternatif efektif dalam penyelesaian kasus KDRT di Polres Toba dengan memberikan solusi yang adil dan manusiawi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan sosialisasi, pelatihan aparat, dan penguatan koordinasi antar lembaga untuk mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan Restorative Justice di masa depan. This study examines the implementation of the Restorative Justice approach in handling domestic violence (KDRT) cases in the Polres Toba jurisdiction. Restorative Justice is a conflict resolution method that emphasizes the restoration of relationships between victims, perpetrators, families, and the community, as an alternative to the formal court process, which tends to be repressive. The research method used is field research with a descriptive case study approach, involving observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The research informants include police officers, particularly from the Women and Children Service Unit (PPA), related legal institutions, victims, and perpetrators. The results show that Restorative Justice in Polres Toba has been successfully implemented by leveraging local wisdom values such as deliberation (musyawarah), the role of traditional leaders, and mutual cooperation (gotong royong), which support a dialogical and participatory mediation and conflict resolution process. This process involves mediation stages facilitated by officers, active involvement of families, and internal regulatory support that provides the legal basis for the implementation of restorative justice. However, the application of Restorative Justice still faces challenges such as limited resources, lack of public understanding, and conflicts between customary values and victim protection. The study concludes that Restorative Justice is an effective alternative for resolving domestic violence cases in Polres Toba by providing fair and humane solutions. This research recommends increasing socialization efforts, training for officers, and strengthening inter-agency coordination to optimize the implementation of Restorative Justice in the future.