Effect Of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) Addition on the PHisical Properties of Molded Pulp Based on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

Abstract

This study aims to produce and characterize the molded pulp derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using the Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) additive. The addition of AKD is intended to enhance the hydrophobic properties of the molded pulp, thereby improving its water resistance. The research stages include preliminary preparation of OPEFB, processing of OPEFB into pulp, mixing of AKD with the pulp, molding of the pulp, and analyzing its mechanical properties and performance evaluation. The pulp production process was conducted using steam treatment and acid-base hydrolysis reactions. The results indicated that the printed pulp with AKD additive exhibited the following characteristics: a grammage value of 433.27 g/m², paper thickness of 1.55 mm, paper density ranging from 276 x 10³ g/m³ to 279 x 10³ g/m³, and moisture content between 12.34% and 20.21%. The FT-IR analysis revealed interactions between cellulose and AKD, characterized by a decrease in the intensity of the –OH absorption band at 3287.5 cm⁻¹, with the peak becoming broader and less sharp. Additionally, the CH-aliphatic absorption shifted from 2892.4 cm⁻¹ to 2914.8 cm⁻¹, with the single absorption peak splitting into a weaker double peak. Surface morphology analysis using SEM showed the changes in the molded pulp’s surface, with a reduction in small pore volume, leading to a smoother surface morphology. These findings indicate a decrease in the water absorption capacity of the molded pulp. The results of this research align with Sustainable Development Goal SDG- 12: Responsible Consumption and Production.