Crown Witnesses and The Integrity Of Justice Ethical and Legal Reflections on The Ferdy Sambo Case In Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the role of crown witnesses in the Indonesian criminal justice system through the case study of Ferdy Sambo. While crown witnesses have proven effective in uncovering complex criminal networks, their use raises serious issues regarding credibility, bias, and procedural fairness. The research adopts a normative juridical method, employing statutory and case approach, alongside descriptive-analytical analysis based on secondary data such as court decisions, legal literature, and laws and regulations, with conclusions drawn deductively. The findings indicate that crown witness testimony plays a strategic role in exposing organized crime but remains vulnerable to inconsistencies and motives of leniency that may compromise the rights of the accused and the pursuit of material truth. The novelty of this study lies in a critical analysis of the Ferdy Sambo case as a contemporary precedent, revealing the ethical and legal dilemmas surrounding the use of crown witnesses from the perspective of human rights and procedural fairness. Accordingly, the study recommends legal policy reform, including strict statutory limitations on the appointment of crown witnesses in criminal cases, enhanced training for judges and prosecutors, and strengthened legal protections for both crown witnesses and defendants to avoid pressure and manipulation when giving testimony.