Pemetaan Sebaran Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) dan Upaya Mengatasinya Melalui Aplikasi Jamur Entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana Balsamo di Laboratorium (Studi Kasus di Sentra Pertanaman Kopi Arabika Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan)

Abstract

This research aimed to map out the distribution of Cofee berry borer in the center of plantation arabica coffee in Regency of Humbang Hasundutan and to test the effectiveness of using entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana Balsamo to control pests Cofee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.) Obtained from a few locations center of planting of Arabica coffee in Regency of Humbang Hasundutan. Sampling of the coffee fruit done on coffee planting in three districts, namely District of Sub Dolok Sanggul (the village of Aek Lung, Lumban Batu, Purba Manalu and Sihite I), District Lintong Ni Huta (the village of Sibutuon Partur, Siharjulu and Nagasaribu), and the District Paranginan (the village of South Paranginan, Lobu Tolong and Pearung Silali). Testing the effectiveness of the application of the fungus B. bassiana against pests Hypothenemus hampei obtained from center of coffee planting and done at the Laboratory of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture, University of Medan Area. The experiment was conducted from April to June 2015. Parameters observed are percentage attacks (%) and pest populations H. hampei Ferrari, distribution patterns of coffee berry borer, and pest mortality percentage of H. hampei Ferrari (%). Research results show that the average percentage of coffee fruit attacks was highest in districts of Dolok Sanggul are 13.2 - 14.6 percent and then Parangian 10.9 - 15.3 percent and Lintong Ni Huta are 11.6 - 14.9 percent. In the higher regions such as South Paranginan Village (1533 m asl) the percentage of the coffee fruit attack is very low at 10.9 percent. The average number of pest populations of H. hampei in coffee fruit highest in districts Paranginan are 146 to 151.5, Dolok Sanggul 98.75 to 147.75 and Lintong Ni Huta are 102 to 134.5. The lowest population of H. hampei found in the village of Aek Lung (A1) is 98.75 and the highest in the Lobu Tolong (C2) is 151.5. Be based on mapping distribution of H. hampei infestation, Lintong Ni Huta including low infestation category, Dolok Sanggul and Paranginan including medium infestation category. Pest population in three districts into centers of arabica coffee plantations in Regency of Humbang Hasundutan including high infestation category. H. hampei infestation in Lumban Batu (A2), Sibuntuon Partur (B1), Siharjulu (B2), Nagasaribu (B3), Paranginan Selatan (C1) and Lobu Tolong (C2) including low infestation category, Aek Lung (A1) ), Sihite I (A3), and Pearung Silali (C3) including medium infestation category, Aek Lung (A1) including low population category, and another village including high population category. Application of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana real effective to H. hampei Ferrari mortality compared with the control treatment in the laboratory.