Inventarisasi Hama dan Penyakit pada Pertanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Desa Tumpatan Nibung Kecamatan Batang Kuis Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important carbohydrate crops in the world, Corn has an important role in agribusiness-based industries. Corn is used for consumption, raw materials for food industry, animal feed industry and fuel. The needs of Corn from year to year continues to increase as the food and feed industry grows. Constraints in the cultivation of maize that causes low productivity of corn is a pest and disease attacks. This study aims to inventory pests and diseases in the corn vultication of farmers in Tumpatan Nibung Village, Batang Kuis Sub district, Deli Serdang Regency. Forty-five plant samples scattered diagonally in a 400 m2 farmer's garden. Types and percentage of pests and diseases found in the field, are cateorizon and observed directly on corn crops in the morning and afternoon in the field in the vegetative and generative phases. Inventory results found pests that attack the corn plant is the flies seed Flies (Antherigona sp.) With the highest pest population density of 0.55 and 0.83 tail, the beetle (Phaedonia inclusa) 0.62 tail and 0.55 tail, seedling beetle 0, 27 tail and 0.57 tail, aphids (Aphis sp.) 0,52 tail and 0,70 tail, grasshopper (Valanga nigricornis) 0,22 tail and 0,28 tail, snail (Lymnaea truncatula) 0,02 tail, (Dactylispa manteril) 0,02 tail, 0.01 Dysdercus cingulatus, 0.02 caterpillar (Lymantridae), beetle (Elateridae) 0.03, and beetle (Scarabidae) 0,05. Pest attacks on corn crops are very few, namely grayak caterpillars (Spodoptera litura, Mythimna sp.) with average 0.07% attack percentage and grasshopper (Valanga nigricornis) 0.03%. The disease found in corn plants is a disease of leaf blight with the highest percentage of attacks of 0.19% and 0.02%, (Peronoscleropora spp). Maize crop production in an area of 400 m2 is 344.5 kg dry cheeks, if converted into production yield per hectare of 8.61 ton / ha dry cheeks.