Analisis Pola Saluran Pemasaran Komoditas Padi di Kecamatan Secanggang Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Rice commodity is the dominant agricultural sub-sector in Secanggang Sub-district. An activity related to agriculture to the parties who play a role in it both the production process and its marketing channels. In order to minimize the comparison of rice prices at farmers and consumers in Secanggang sub-district, a study of rice commodity marketing system is needed. The problems studied in this research are: (1) What is the pattern of marketing channels of rice commodities ranging from farmers to final consumers in Secanggang Sub-district of Langkat Regency. (2) How much profit margin each marketing institution receives in marketing channel of rice commodity in Secanggang Sub-district of Langkat Regency. The location of this research was conducted in Secanggang sub-district, Langkat district, which is the center of rice production. The research was conducted in May - July 2017. The samples in this study were 90 rice farmers, 14 traders of middlemen, 8 rice mills, 13 retailers through snowball sampling technique. Data were analyzed descriptively Percentage to channel pattern and marketing margin of paddy. The result of research is in Secanggang sub-district there are three first channel pattern; farmers to middlemen to rice mills to retailers to consumers; second, farmers to rice mills to retailers to consumers; third, farmers to rice mills to consumers. The highest marketing margin occurred in rice milling (Rp 839.1), middlemen traders (Rp 147.8), and retailers (Rp 1593.3). Meanwhile, based on profit margin value of each institution, traders middleman Rp. 44,7, - per Kg, rice mill earn profit Rp. 605,0, - per Kg, the retailer earns Rp. 1313.0, - per kg of rice marketing value in Kecamatan Secanggang. Suggestions in this research are; (1) Farmers should maximize the role of farmer groups and cooperatives (village cooperative units) so that marketing channels can be shortened profitable for farmers and consumers. (2) In the short term, the government should encourage farmers to sell rice or grain in the form of rice. (3) Based on marketing margin analysis can be known, marketing channel that happened that is middleman Rp. 147.8, - to Rice mill Rp. 839.1, - to retailer Rp. 1593,3, - per Kg .. So one of the alternatives for paddy rice farmers can get the added value in marketing the rice harvest is by selling rice to rice directly to consumers.