Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Atas Pemberian Ganti Rugi Akibat Perbuatan Melawan Hukum dalam Sengketa Pembelian Properti (Studi Putusan Nomor 931/Pdt.sus-BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn)

Abstract

Interaksi jual-beli dalam pembelian properti sebenarnya melibatkan perjanjian kerja sama agar tujuan antara penjual dan pembeli tercapai, sehingga kedua belah pihak tidak merasa dirugikan di kemudian hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan hukum mengenai jual-beli properti kepada konsumen, pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan Nomor 931/Pdt.Sus- BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn tentang pemberian ganti rugi atas terjadinya sengketa pembelian properti, dan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha dalam memberikan ganti rugi terhadap konsumen berdasarkan putusan nomor 931/Pdt.Sus- BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan analisis data dari secara kualitatif. Adapun aturan hukum mengenai pelaku usaha dalam jual-beli properti kepada konsumen yakni, Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata yang membahas Pasal 1457, Pasal 1480, dan Pasal 1365. Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2002 Tentang Bangunan Gedung. Berdasarkan Pasal-Pasal tersebut aturan hukum lebih difokuskan pada Pelaku usaha yang telah lalai dalam perjanjian jualbeli sehingga menyebabkan kerugian konsumen. Pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan Nomor 931/Pdt.Sus- BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn tentang pemberian ganti rugi atas terjadinya sengketa pembelian properti dirasa cukup adil mengingat bukan pelaku usaha saja yang diadili namun konsumen juga diadili. Namun pelaku usaha lebih diharuskan untuk mengganti kerugian kepada konsumen sebesar Rp 82.784.140 (Delapan puluh dua juta tujuh ratus delapan puluh empat ribu seratus empat puluh rupiah. Tanggung jawab pelaku usaha dalam memberikan ganti rugi terhadap konsumen adalah berupa tanggung jawab mutlak akibat dari perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha sesuai Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata sehingga mewajibkan untuk mengganti kerugian yang dialami oleh konsumen tersebut. The interaction of buying and selling in property purchase actually involves a cooperation agreement so that the goals between the seller and the buyer are achieved, so that both parties do not feel disadvantaged in the future. This research aims to find out the legal arrangements regarding property buying and selling to consumers, the judge’s consideration in Decision Number 931/Pdt.Sus- BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn on the provision of compensation for the occurrence of property purchase disputes, and the responsibility of business actors in providing compensation to consumers based on Decision Number 931/Pdt.Sus- BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn. The research method that was used was normative juridical with qualitative data analysis. The legal rules regarding business actors in property buying and selling to consumers were the Civil Code which discussed Article 1457, Article 1480, and Article 1365. Law Number 28 of 2002 on Buildings. Based on these Articles, legal rules were more focused on business actors who had neglected in the sale and purchase agreement which caused consumer losses. The judge’s consideration in Decision Number 931/Pdt.Sus- BPSK/2023/PN.Mdn on the provision of compensation for the occurrence of property purchase disputes was considered fair enough considering not only business actors were tried but also consumers were tried. However, business actors were more required to compensate consumers amounting to Rp 82,784,140 (Eighty-two million seven hundred eighty-four thousand one hundred forty rupiah). The responsibility of business actors in providing compensation to consumers is a strict liability as a result of unlawful acts committed by business actors in accordance with Article 1365 of the Civil Code so that they are obliged to compensate for the losses suffered by the consumers.