Pengaruh PGPR dan Biochar Kulit Jengkol terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) dan biochar kulit jengkol terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). Penelitian dilakukan di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Medan Area menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan: PGPR (0, 10, 20, dan 30 ml/L) dan biochar kulit jengkol (0, 5, 10, dan 15 ton/ha). Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, luas daun, umur berbunga, berat tongkol tanpa klobot, panjang dan diameter tongkol, serta jumlah baris biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian PGPR berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman, terutama tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah dan luas daun. Pemberian biochar kulit jengkol juga menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap diameter batang pada fase vegetatif akhir. Namun, interaksi antara PGPR dan biochar tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap sebagian besar parameter pertumbuhan dan produksi. Pemberian PGPR 20–30 ml/L dan biochar 10–15 ton/ha terbukti memberikan hasil terbaik secara individu. Penggunaan PGPR dan biochar kulit jengkol berpotensi meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung manis, serta dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif ramah lingkungan dalam budidaya pertanian yang berkelanjutan. This study aims to determine the effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and jengkol skin biochar on the growth and production of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). The study was conducted in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Medan Area University using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with two treatment factors: PGPR (0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/L) and jengkol skin biochar (0, 5, 10, and 15 tons/ha). The parameters observed included plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, flowering age, weight of cobs without husks, length and diameter of cobs, and number of seed rows. The results showed that PGPR administration had a very significant effect on plant growth, especially plant height, stem diameter, number and area of leaves. The administration of jengkol skin biochar also showed a significant effect on stem diameter in the late vegetative phase. However, the interaction between PGPR and biochar did not have a significant effect on most growth and production parameters. The provision of PGPR 20-30 ml/L and biochar 10-15 tons/ha has been proven to provide the best results individually. The use of PGPR and jengkol skin biochar has the potential to increase the growth and yield of sweet corn, and can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative in sustainable agricultural cultivation.