Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pelaku Usaha terhadap Proses Arbitrase Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen yang Tidak Sesuai dengan Prinsip Audi et Alteram Partem (Studi Putusan No. 590/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2024/PN Mdn)

Abstract

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) merupakan lembaga penyelesaian sengketa konsumen yang berada di luar pengadilan yang berwenang menyelesaikan sengketa melalui mediasi, konsiliasi, dan arbitrase. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, proses arbitrase BPSK tidak selalu berjalan sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan prosedural, khususnya prinsip audi et alteram partem. yang menjamin dimana hak para pihak untuk didengar secara seimbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip audi et alteram partem dalam penyelesaian sengketa konsumen di BPSK, mengkaji perlindungan hukum bagi pelaku usaha apabila terjadi pelanggaran prinsip tersebut dalam proses arbitrase, serta menelaah pertimbangan hakim dalam Putusan Nomor 590/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2024/PN Mdn. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, jenis data adalah data sekunder, primer, tersier. Teknnik pengumpulan data pustaka dan lapangan. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perkara a quo, proses arbitrase BPSK tidak memenuhi prinsip audi et alteram partem karena pelaku usaha tidak diberikan pemanggilan yang sah dan patut serta tidak memperoleh kesempatan untuk menyampaikan pembelaan dan alat bukti. Perlindungan hukum terhadap pelaku usaha diwujudkan melalui pengajuan keberatan ke Pengadilan Negeri. Pertimbangan hakim menegaskan bahwa pelanggaran terhadap prinsip audi et alteram partem merupakan pelanggaran terhadap due process of law sehingga putusan arbitrase BPSK tersebut dapat dibatalkan demi menjamin keadilan dan kepastian hukum. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK) is an out-of-court consumer dispute resolution institution authorized to resolve disputes through mediation, conciliation, and arbitration. However, in practice, the BPSK arbitration process does not always comply with the principles of procedural fairness, particularly the principle of audi et alteram partem, which guarantees the right of all parties to be heard equally. This study aims to analyze the application of the audi et alterampartem principle in resolving consumer disputes at the Consumer Protection an Assurance Agency (BPSK), examine legal protection for business actors in the event of a violation of this principle during the arbitration process, and examine the judge'sconsiderations in Decision Number 590/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2024/PN Mdn. The research method used is normative juridical, with secondary, primary, and tertiary data. Data collection techniques used were library and field data. Data analysis was conducted qualitatively. The results indicate that in the a quo case, the BPSK arbitration process did not comply with the audi et alteram partem principle because the business actors were not given a valid and proper summons and were not given the opportunity to present their defenses and evidence. Legal protection for business actors is realized through filing an objection with the District Court. The judge's considerations affirmed that the violation of the audi et alteram partem principle constitutes a violation of due process of law, therefore, the BPSK arbitration decision can be annulled to ensure justice and legal certainty