Policy Analysis of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System of SMK3 at the North Sumatra Provincial Employment Supervision UPTD

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebijakan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3) yang diimplementasikan pada UPTD Pengawasan Ketenagakerjaan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk menelusuri efektivitas kebijakan, tantangan implementasi, serta dampaknya terhadap keselamatan kerja. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan analisis dokumen.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan SMK3 memberikan dampak positif terhadap penurunan jumlah kecelakaan kerja, khususnya pada perusahaan yang secara konsisten menerapkan standar keselamatan. Namun, pelaksanaannya masih terkendala oleh keterbatasan sumber daya, rendahnya pemahaman regulasi pada usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM), serta kurangnya partisipasi tenaga kerja di beberapa perusahaan. Komitmen manajemen dan budaya keselamatan kerja terbukti menjadi faktor kunci keberhasilan implementasi SMK3. Selain itu, teknologi digital mulai mendukung kegiatan pengawasan, meskipun masih memerlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut.Penelitian ini merekomendasikan peningkatan kapasitas pengawas, sosialisasi kebijakan yang lebih intensif, serta kerja sama dengan lembaga pelatihan K3. Dengan pendekatan yang lebih inklusif dan berbasis teknologi, kebijakan SMK3 diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keselamatan kerja secara menyeluruh di Provinsi Sumatera Utara.

This study aims to analyze the policies of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) implemented in the North Sumatra Provincial Manpower Supervision UPTD. A qualitative approach is used to explore the effectiveness of policies, implementation challenges, and their impact on occupational safety. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. The results of the study show that the SMK3 policy has positively impacted reducing the number of work accidents, especially in companies that consistently implement safety standards. However, its implementation is still constrained by limited resources, a low understanding of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) regulations, and a lack of labor participation in several companies. Management commitment and occupational safety culture have proven to be key factors in successfully implementing SMK3. In addition, digital technology has begun to support supervision, although it still requires development. This study recommends increasing the capacity of supervisors, more intensive policy socialization, and collaboration with K3 training institutions. With a more inclusive and technology-based approach, the SMK3 policy is expected to improve overall occupational safety in North Sumatra Province.