Implementasi Kebijakan Penangkapan Ikan Terukur (PIT) Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Tangkapan Ikan Nelayan Di Desa Tapian Nauli I, Kecamatan Tapian Nauli, Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi Kebijakan Penangkapan Ikan Terukur (PIT) di Desa Tapian Nauli I, Kecamatan Tapian Nauli, Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kerangka teori implementasi Edward III yang mencakup variabel komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan penangkapan ikan terukur di Desa Tapian Nauli I dapat dikatakan efektif karena berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman, keterampilan, dan kepatuhan nelayan dalam mengelola sumber daya laut. Keberhasilan ini menunjukkan bahwa dukungan komunikasi yang intensif, alokasi sumber daya yang tepat, komitmen aparatur desa, dan struktur birokrasi yang jelas merupakan kunci utama dalam mendorong keberlanjutan kebijakan penangkapan ikan terukur di tingkat lokal. Implementasi kebijakan penangkapan ikan terukur di Desa Tapian Nauli I didukung oleh komunikasi efektif antara pemerintah desa, nelayan, dan stakeholder, ketersediaan anggaran serta bantuan alat tangkap, komitmen aparat desa, struktur birokrasi yang jelas, dan adanya pelatihan serta pendampingan bagi nelayan. Namun, pelaksanaan kebijakan masih menghadapi hambatan berupa keterbatasan dana, peralatan, dan infrastruktur, rendahnya keseriusan aparat desa dan adaptasi nelayan, birokrasi yang berbelit, serta minimnya sosialisasi sehingga pemahaman dan partisipasi nelayan belum optimal. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Measured Fishing Policy (PIT) in Tapian Nauli I Village, Tapian Nauli District, Central Tapanuli Regency, and to identify its supporting and inhibiting factors. The study used a qualitative approach with the Edward III implementation theory framework that includes communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure variables. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the measured fishing policy in Tapian Nauli I Village can be said to be effective because it has succeeded in improving fishermen's understanding, skills, and compliance in managing marine resources. This success indicates that intensive communication support, appropriate resource allocation, commitment of village officials, and a clear bureaucratic structure are the main keys in encouraging the sustainability of the measured fishing policy at the local level. The implementation of the measured fishing policy in Tapian Nauli I Village is supported by effective communication between the village government, fishermen, and stakeholders, the availability of budget and fishing gear assistance, the commitment of village officials, a clear bureaucratic structure, and the provision of training and mentoring for fishermen. However, the implementation of the policy still faces obstacles in the form of limited funds, equipment, and infrastructure, low levels of seriousness from village officials and fishermen's adaptation, convoluted bureaucracy, and minimal socialization so that fishermen's understanding and participation are not optimal.