Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Singkong Sebagai Briket Untuk Bahan Bakar Alternatif Pada Proses Produksi Opak Studi Kasus: Pabrik Opak Sun Jaya Mandiri

Abstract

Limbah kulit singkong merupakan biomassa yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif dalam bentuk briket. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi kulit singkong sebagai bahan baku briket, menjelaskan proses pembuatannya dengan perekat tepung tapioka, serta menganalisis pengaruh variasi perekat terhadap kualitas briket. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif melalui pendekatan eksperimen. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk melihat karakteristik briket dilanjutkan dengan uji ANOVA guna mengetahui pengaruh variasi perekat terhadap nilai kalor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi perekat berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas briket. Nilai kalor tertinggi diperoleh pada perekat 5% sebesar 6.187,9 kal/gr. Namun, kadar air dan kadar abu sebagian besar belum sesuai standar, dengan kadar air terendah pada perekat 5% sebesar 6,96% dan kadar abu terendah pada perekat 10% sebesar 11,2%. Dari segi performa, perekat 15% memiliki waktu pembakaran terlama (10.950 detik), sedangkan perekat 20% memiliki laju pembakaran tertinggi (0,00083 g/detik). Secara keseluruhan, variasi perekat 5% dinilai paling optimal karena menghasilkan nilai kalor tinggi, kadar air sesuai standar, serta kerapatan lebih baik dibandingkan variasi lainnya. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa limbah kulit singkong berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif ramah lingkungan, meskipun masih diperlukan perbaikan pada tahap pengeringan untuk menurunkan kadar air dan abu. Namun, diperlukan perbaikan proses produksi briket, terutama pada tahap pengeringan untuk menurunkan kadar air dan abu. Cassava peel waste is biomass that has the potential to be used as an alternative fuel in the form of briquettes. This study aims to determine the potential of cassava peel as a raw material for briquettes, describe the manufacturing process using tapioca flour as a binder, and analyze the effect of binder variations on briquette quality. The study was conducted using a quantitative method through an experimental approach. Data analysis was performed descriptively to examine the characteristics of the briquettes, followed by an ANOVA test to determine the effect of binder variation on calorific value. The results showed that binder variation had a significant effect on briquette quality. The highest calorific value was obtained with a 5% adhesive at 6,187.9 cal/g. However, the moisture and ash content were mostly not in accordance with the standards, with the lowest moisture content in the 5% adhesive at 6.96% and the lowest ash content in the 10% adhesive at 11.2%. In terms of performance, the 15% adhesive had the longest burning time (10,950 seconds), while the 20% adhesive had the highest burning rate (0.00083 g/second). Overall, the 5% adhesive variation was considered the most optimal because it produced high calorific value, moisture content in accordance with standards, and better density compared to other variations. This study proves that cassava peel waste has the potential to be developed as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel, although improvements are still needed in the drying stage to reduce moisture and ash content. However, improvements are needed in the briquette production process, especially in the drying stage to reduce moisture and ash content.