Analisis Kualitas Mesin Penepung Kulit Kerang Menjadi Kapur Pertanian di Desa Sentang Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas mesin penepung kulit kerang menjadi kapur pertanian di Desa Sentang, Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah melimpahnya limbah kulit kerang yang belum termanfaatkan secara optimal dan cenderung menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan Quality Function Deployment (QFD) untuk memetakan kebutuhan masyarakat (Voice of Customer) ke dalam respon teknis mesin (Technical Response). Data diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, kuesioner, serta studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas aktual mesin mencapai rata-rata 71 kg/jam dengan efisiensi konversi sebesar 71%, namun masih di bawah target ideal yaitu 100 kg/jam dengan efisiensi minimal 80%. Produk tepung kulit kerang sudah dapat digunakan sebagai kapur pertanian, tetapi kehalusan dan konsistensinya belum optimal. Melalui penyusunan House of Quality, diperoleh indikator perbaikan prioritas berupa optimalisasi jumlah dan desain pisau pemukul, pemilihan material rangka yang lebih tahan karat, penambahan sistem pendinginan motor, serta penyediaan fitur keamanan dan kemudahan perawatan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode QFD mampu memberikan solusi teknis terhadap kelemahan mesin yang ada, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja, kehandalan, dan keamanan mesin penepung. Implementasi perbaikan ini diharapkan mampu mendukung pemanfaatan limbah kulit kerang secara berkelanjutan sekaligus meningkatkan nilai tambah ekonomi masyarakat Desa Sentang. This study aims to analyze the quality of a shell-crushing machine used to produce agricultural lime in Sentang Village, Teluk Mengkudu District. The research background lies in the abundance of shell waste that has not been optimally utilized and tends to cause environmental pollution. The method employed is descriptive research with the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach, which translates community needs (Voice of Customer) into machine technical responses (Technical Response). Data were collected through field observations, interviews, questionnaires, and literature studies. The results showed that the actual capacity of the machine reached an average of 71 kg/hour with a conversion efficiency of 71%, which is still below the ideal target of 100 kg/hour with a minimum efficiency of 80%. The powdered shell product can already be used as agricultural lime; however, its fineness and consistency are not yet optimal. Through the House of Quality analysis, several priority improvements were identified, including optimizing the number and design of crusher blades, selecting more durable frame materials, adding a motor cooling system, and providing safety features as well as ease of maintenance. This study concludes that the application of the QFD method is effective in providing technical solutions to the machine’s shortcomings, thereby improving its performance, reliability, and safety. The proposed improvements are expected to support the sustainable utilization of shell waste while enhancing the economic value for the community of Sentang Village.